Organic distributed feedback laser for label-free biosensing of ErbB2 protein biomarker

Abstract

The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB2) protein plays an important role in human malignancies. Its overexpression has been recognized as a feature of a malignant cancerous phenotype in breast cancer cell lines, and has become one of the most widely investigated clinical indicators of breast, ovarian, gastrointestinal and lung cancers. In this work a vertically emitting organic distributed feedback (DFB) laser has been used to detect the ErbB2 protein. This DFB laser consists of a polystyrene (PS) film containing a perylenediimide laser dye, deposited over a second-order one dimensional grating fabricated on fused silica by thermal-nanoimprint lithography and subsequent reactive ion etching processes. Specificity of the system to ErbB2 protein biomarker, achieved by functionalizing the PS with anti-ErbB2 monoclonal antibodies, is demonstrated. A concentration limit of detection for ErbB2 protein of 14 ng/mL has been obtained, and no cross-reactivity has been observed with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) proteins. These findings open the possibility of using this type of biosensors in clinical applications.