Electrochemical softening of concentrates from an electrodialysis brackish water desalination plant: Efficiency enhancement using a three-dimensional cathode
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Title: | Electrochemical softening of concentrates from an electrodialysis brackish water desalination plant: Efficiency enhancement using a three-dimensional cathode |
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Authors: | Sanjuán, Ignacio | Benavente, David | García García, Vicente | Expósito Rodríguez, Eduardo | Montiel, Vicente |
Research Group/s: | Electroquímica Aplicada y Electrocatálisis | Petrología Aplicada |
Center, Department or Service: | Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Química Física | Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y del Medio Ambiente |
Keywords: | Electrochemical softening | Hardness removal | Three-dimensional electrodes | Electroprecipitation | Concentrate | Wastewater treatment |
Knowledge Area: | Química Física | Petrología y Geoquímica |
Issue Date: | 8-Jan-2019 |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Citation: | Separation and Purification Technology. 2019, 208: 217-226. doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2018.01.066 |
Abstract: | The electrochemical softening method to remove hardness from water has not been applied in desalination practice due to a high cathodic area requirement. In this work, the use of a 3D stainless steel wool cathode is proposed to overcome this technical limitation. An extensive comparison between the 3D cathode and a 2D Ti mesh has been presented, showing higher hardness removal for the 3D one. Experiments have been conducted with waters similar to concentrates derived from a brackish water treatment by electrodialysis. In addition, the method has been proved to be efficient for different water compositions in terms of hardness, alkalinity or the presence of an anti-scalant. The main influencing parameters (flow rate and current density) have been studied and it can be concluded that lower flow rates (below 1.2 L h−1) give rise to a better efficiencies and 100 A m−2 is the optimum current density. Moreover, the precipitate was characterised by SEM, EDX and XRD showing that Ca2+ is removed as calcite and aragonite (CaCO3), whereas Mg2+ is precipitated as brucite (Mg(OH)2). Finally, long-term experiments revealed that the 3D stainless steel cathode has a better performance than the 2D Ti mesh, but only at short times. |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10045/81887 |
ISSN: | 1383-5866 (Print) | 1873-3794 (Online) |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.01.066 |
Language: | eng |
Type: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Rights: | © 2018 Elsevier B.V. |
Peer Review: | si |
Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2018.01.066 |
Appears in Collections: | INV - LEQA - Artículos de Revistas INV - PETRA - Artículos de Revistas |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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2019_Sanjuan_etal_SeparPurifTech_final.pdf | Versión final (acceso restringido) | 1,29 MB | Adobe PDF | Open Request a copy |
2019_Sanjuan_etal_SeparPurifTech_accepted.pdf | Accepted Manuscript (acceso abierto) | 1,48 MB | Adobe PDF | Open Preview |
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