The use of trophic resources by Argyrosomus regius (Asso, 1801) escaped from Mediterranean offshore fish farms

Abstract

The population of meagre (Argyrosomus regius) has increased dramatically around the Western Mediterranean, accompanied by a higher seasonal incidence of the species in fishery landings. Presumably because of escapes, this new predator is gaining ground in marine habitats where it was normally not found. Given the lack of knowledge about the potential impact of this locally absent species on ecosystems and fishery resources, the objective of this study was to analyse the diet and predation behaviour of A. regius in order to evaluate its capability to adapt to a new environment as well as to identify its main prey. Stomach contents of 159 individuals were analysed and the identifiable prey items classified into major groups. Results showed that the diet of meagre was remarkably size-dependent. The commercially important decapod Melicertus kerathurus (Index of Relative Importance IRI: 798.53), and to a lesser extent other crustaceans, were preferred to smaller sizes, while larger individuals gradually shifted to a piscivorous diet, particularly to Platichthys flesus (77.99 IRI). The potential ecological effects on the prey species are discussed, and management measures preventing the establishment of new local populations are suggested in order to harmonize coastal zone management policies with a sustainable production of meagre.