Ecological mechanisms underlying aridity thresholds in global drylands
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Título: | Ecological mechanisms underlying aridity thresholds in global drylands |
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Autor/es: | Berdugo, Miguel | Vidiella, Blai | Solé, Ricard V. | Maestre, Fernando T. |
Centro, Departamento o Servicio: | Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ecología | Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef" |
Palabras clave: | Drylands | Aridity thresholds | Climate change | Desertification | Ecological mechanisms |
Área/s de conocimiento: | Ecología |
Fecha de publicación: | 30-oct-2021 |
Editor: | Wiley | British Ecological Society |
Cita bibliográfica: | Functional Ecology. 2022, 36(1): 4-23. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13962 |
Resumen: | 1. With ongoing climate change, the probability of crossing environmental thresholds promoting abrupt changes in ecosystem structure and functioning is higher than ever. In drylands (areas where it rains less than 65% of what could be potentially evaporated), recent research has shown how the crossing of three aridity thresholds (at aridity [1-Aridity Index] values of 0.54, 0.70 and 0.80) leads to abrupt changes on ecosystem structural and functional attributes. Despite the importance of these findings and their implications to develop effective monitoring and adaptation actions to combat climate change and desertification, we lack a proper understanding of the mechanisms unleashing these abrupt shifts. 2. Here we review multiple mechanisms that may explain the existence of aridity thresholds observed across global drylands, and discuss the potential amplification mechanisms that may underpin hypothetical abrupt temporal shifts with climate change. 3. We propose that each aridity threshold is caused by different and specific mechanisms. The first threshold is mainly caused by physiological mechanisms of plant adaptation to water shortages. The second threshold is unleashed by different mechanisms involving soil processes and plant-soil interactions such as soil erosion, plant community shifts and nutrient cycling and circulation. The collapse of vegetation observed once the third aridity threshold (0.8) is crossed is caused by mechanisms related to the survival limits of plants that may cause sudden cover and diversity losses and plant-atmospheric feedbacks that link vegetation collapse with further climate aridification. 4. By identifying, revising, and linking relevant mechanisms to each aridity threshold observed, we provide a set of specific hypotheses and identify knowledge gaps concerning the study of threshold emergence in drylands. We also were able to establish plausible factors that are context dependent and may influence the occurrence of abrupt ecosystem changes in time. Our review may help to focus future research efforts on aridity thresholds and to develop strategies to monitor, adapt to or even revert abrupt ecosystem changes across global drylands. |
Patrocinador/es: | MBV acknowledges support from Juan de la Cierva Formación fellowship program (FJCI-2018-036520-I) from Spanish Ministry of Science. B.V. and R.S have been funded by PR01018-EC-H2020-FETOpen MADONNA project. R.S. also counted with the support of the Santa Fe Institute, and the support of Secretaria d’Universitats i Recerca del Departament d’Economia i Coneixement de la Generalitat de Catalunya. FTM acknowledges support from the European Research Council grant agreement nº 647038 (BIODESERT) and from Generalitat Valenciana (CIDEGENT/2018/041). |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10045/119152 |
ISSN: | 0269-8463 (Print) | 1365-2435 (Online) |
DOI: | 10.1111/1365-2435.13962 |
Idioma: | eng |
Tipo: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Derechos: | © 2021 British Ecological Society |
Revisión científica: | si |
Versión del editor: | https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13962 |
Aparece en las colecciones: | INV - DRYLAB - Artículos de Revistas Investigaciones financiadas por la UE Personal Investigador sin Adscripción a Grupo |
Archivos en este ítem:
Archivo | Descripción | Tamaño | Formato | |
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Berdugo_etal_2021_FunctEcol_preprint.pdf | Preprint (acceso abierto) | 2,12 MB | Adobe PDF | Abrir Vista previa |
Berdugo_etal_2021_FunctEcol_accepted.pdf | Accepted Manuscript (acceso abierto) | 1,8 MB | Adobe PDF | Abrir Vista previa |
Berdugo_etal_2021_FunctEcol_final.pdf | Versión final (acceso restringido) | 2,63 MB | Adobe PDF | Abrir Solicitar una copia |
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