Chapter One - Inelastic electron excitation of transition metal atoms and Kondo resonances

Abstract

An ionic Hamiltonian based on the first Hund rule applied to transition metal atoms is reviewed and discussed in detail. The tunneling current between a STM-tip and a transition metal atom is analyzed by means of that Hamiltonian combined with an effective crystal-field effect. We use an equation of motion (EOM) method to calculate that inelastic tunneling current, as well as the Kondo resonance appearing at the Fermi level. We show how an accurate description of its Kondo resonance for the Co/Cu2N(100) system can be achieved by extending the EOM-calculation up to fourth-order in the atom/metal interaction that defines the parameter of expansion in the EOM-equations. These results allow us to calculate also the inelastic tunneling excitation of the atom and the dynamical fluctuations of the atomic spin from S = 3/2 to S = 1.