Modelling the intra-destination behaviour of cruise visitors based on a three-dimensional approach

Abstract

Intra-destination behaviour of cruise visitors expands the spatial behaviour framework by adopting a holistic perspective that includes spatial movement, time consumption, and participation patterns with attractions. A multi-method approach was employed in order to collect and triangulate different data obtained through questionnaires, trip diaries and GPS tracking technologies. Specifically, this research was conducted in the city of Valencia using a sample of 503 cruise visitors, a consolidated urban destination and an emergent Mediterranean cruise port of call. The findings revealed five intra-destination behaviour patterns based on the number of tourist nodes visited (single or multiple) and the activities carried out (active or passive). Cruise visitors who stayed in a single node tended to perform passive activities (panoramic and contemplative visits), while cruise visitors who visited multiple nodes preferred to combine immersive/active activities and contemplative ones within the nodes. Furthermore, interesting differences between the profiles of the different groups were highlighted. These findings have a practical significance for destination managers in order to prevent potential negative impacts. Likewise, the three-dimensional approach proposed that arises from the visitor-destination-attraction relationship and the empirical design can enhance future research on the topic.