The Survivor: A Clinical Case of Tetanus in a Non-Immunized, Parenteral Drug User, Former Female Convict with HIV and HCV
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Título: | The Survivor: A Clinical Case of Tetanus in a Non-Immunized, Parenteral Drug User, Former Female Convict with HIV and HCV |
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Autor/es: | Vicente-Alcalde, Nancy | Martín-Casquero, Tamara | Ruescas-Escolano, Esther | Tuells, José |
Grupo/s de investigación o GITE: | Grupo Balmis de Investigación en Salud Comunitaria e Historia de la Ciencia |
Centro, Departamento o Servicio: | Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Enfermería Comunitaria, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública e Historia de la Ciencia |
Palabras clave: | Tetanus | Vaccine | Injecting drug user (IDU) | Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) | Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) | Prisoner | Spain |
Área/s de conocimiento: | Enfermería |
Fecha de publicación: | 17-jun-2020 |
Editor: | MDPI |
Cita bibliográfica: | Vicente-Alcalde N, Martín-Casquero T, Ruescas-Escolano E, Tuells J. The Survivor: A Clinical Case of Tetanus in a Non-Immunized, Parenteral Drug User, Former Female Convict with HIV and HCV. Vaccines. 2020; 8(2):308. doi:10.3390/vaccines8020308 |
Resumen: | Tetanus is a serious and potentially fatal systemic disease, caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. It is estimated that 1 million cases occur worldwide annually. Immunization programs have drastically decreased tetanus in developed countries, and the sporadic cases have been linked to injecting drug users (IDUs), immunosuppressed individuals, or those older than 65 without complete vaccination. Regrettably, it is still endemic in under-developed countries. In Spain, an average of 10 cases are notified each year, especially affecting those older than 65. The present article describes a case of a 48-year-old Spanish woman, an ex-convict and IDU with infection antecedents of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C (HCV), who was admitted to the Emergency Department of a University Hospital with cervical rigidity and trismus. In a few hours, a neurological and respiratory deterioration was observed, resulting in admittance to the intensive care unit under the suspicion of a generalized tetanus infection. The treatment included hemodynamic support and respiratory therapy, antibiotics, muscle relaxants, sedatives, and tetanus immunoglobulin. Her stay in the ICU lasted 47 days. The clinical suspicion, the antecedents of risk, and the verification of the vaccination records should provide early guidance for diagnostics and the establishment of a treatment in these cases. |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10045/107413 |
ISSN: | 2076-393X |
DOI: | 10.3390/vaccines8020308 |
Idioma: | eng |
Tipo: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Derechos: | © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
Revisión científica: | si |
Versión del editor: | https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8020308 |
Aparece en las colecciones: | INV - SALUD - Artículos de Revistas |
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