Symplegma (Ascidiacea: Styelidae), a non-indigenous genus spreading within the Mediterranean Sea: taxonomy, routes and vectors
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http://hdl.handle.net/10045/105127
Títol: | Symplegma (Ascidiacea: Styelidae), a non-indigenous genus spreading within the Mediterranean Sea: taxonomy, routes and vectors |
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Autors: | Ramos-Esplá, Alfonso A. | Bitar, Ghazi | Sghaier, Yassine Ramzi | Çinar, Melih Ertan | Deidun, Alan | Ferrario, Jasmine | Ulman, Aylin |
Grups d'investigació o GITE: | Biología Marina |
Centre, Departament o Servei: | Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias del Mar y Biología Aplicada |
Paraules clau: | Alien species | Colonial ascidians | Color morphs | Maritime traffic | Distribution |
Àrees de coneixement: | Zoología |
Data de publicació: | 2020 |
Editor: | International Association for Open Knowledge on Invasive Alien Species (INVASIVESNET) |
Citació bibliogràfica: | Aquatic Invasions. 2020, 15(1): 44-62. doi:10.3391/ai.2020.15.1.04 |
Resum: | Symplegma is a genus of compound ascidians (Fam. Styelidae) with warm water affinities and distribution in tropical and subtropical waters of the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans. The first record of this genus (as S. viride) in the Mediterranean was from 1951 in the Levantine Sea, presumably entering the basin from the Red Sea through the Suez Canal. Subsequently, it has been expanding its distributional range northward along the Levantine Sea coast, probably following the prevailing surface current direction. Recently, Symplegma has colonized the Aegean, Ionian and Tyrrhenian Seas, where it is spreading quickly, most likely mediated by shipping (i.e., hull fouling). Some specimens from the Ionian Sea (specifically from Tunisia, Malta) present opaque tunics resembling the Indo-Pacific Symplegma bahraini; however, morphological studies suggest that the genus in the Mediterranean Sea is represented by a single species, Symplegma brakenhielmi. The taxonomy of S. brakenhielmi, as well as its spreading routes and possible introduction vectors are analysed. |
Patrocinadors: | The surveys in Porto Marina El Alamein, Egypt were conducted within the framework of the MAPMED Project “MAnagement of Port areas in the MEDiterranean Sea Basin” funded by ENPI CBC MED Cross-Border Cooperation. The specimens of S. brakenhielmi from Kiyikislacik (Aegean Sea) were collected during a project funded by Ege University (16/SÜF/003). The surveys in Kuriat Island, Tunisia were conducted within the framework of the Supporting the management of the marine and coastal protected area of the Kuriat Islands executed by SPA/RAC in partnership with the Coastal Protection and Management Agency and Notre Grand Bleu NGO and funded by the MAVA Foundation. |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/10045/105127 |
ISSN: | 1798-6540 (Print) | 1818-5487 (Online) |
DOI: | 10.3391/ai.2020.15.1.04 |
Idioma: | eng |
Tipus: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Drets: | © Ramos-Esplá et al. This is an open access article distributed under terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (Attribution 4.0 International - CC BY 4.0). |
Revisió científica: | si |
Versió de l'editor: | https://doi.org/10.3391/ai.2020.15.1.04 |
Apareix a la col·lecció: | INV - BM - Artículos Científicos / Scientific Papers |
Arxius per aquest ítem:
Arxiu | Descripció | Tamany | Format | |
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Ramos-Espla_etal_2020_AquaticInvasions.pdf | 4,92 MB | Adobe PDF | Obrir Vista prèvia | |
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